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2005 National Survey of Organ and Tissue Donation Attitudes and Behaviors

     
2005 National Survey
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Table of Contents
Executive Summary
Introduction
Survey Methods
Findings
Organ Donation Attitudes
Organ Donation Behaviors
Living Donation
Attitudes Toward Presumed Consent
Attitudes Toward Financial Issues
Beliefs About Organ and Tissue Donation
Sources of Information About Organ and Tissue Donation
References
Appendix. Questionnaire
Copyright Standards
 
S1. What is your zip code? (Open ended and code all five digits of zip code)

99998    (DK)
99999    (Refused)

S2. ETHNICITY: Are you, yourself, of Hispanic or Latino origin or descent, such as Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, or other Spanish background?

1    Yes
2    No
3    (DK)
4    (Refused)

S3. RACE: What is your race? The U.S. census categories are American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, Black or African-American, Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander, or White. You may provide more than one answer, if appropriate. (If necessary, read 06–07, 09–11, then 01) (Allow three responses)

01    Some other race (list)
02    (DK)
03    (Refused)
04    HOLD
05    HOLD
06    White
07    African-American/Black
08    (Hispanic)
09    American Indian or Alaska Native
10    Asian
11    Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander

1. In the past year, have you heard, read, or seen any information at all about organ and tissue donation or transplantation? (INTERVIEWER NOTE: If necessary, read:) By ORGAN AND TISSUE DONATION, I mean the donation of organs, such as hearts or kidneys from a person who has died, or the donation of organs, such as kidneys or parts of a liver or lung, from a person who is alive, and the donation of tissues, such as skin, bone, or corneas from a person who has died. Transplantation is the surgical transfer of an organ or tissue from one person to another.

1    Yes — (Continue)

2    No(Skip to #3)
3    (DK)    (Skip to #3)
4    (Refused)    (Skip to #3)

2. (If code 1 in #1, ask:) In the past year, which of the following has been an important source of information for you about organ and tissue donation and transplantation? How about (read and rotate A–R, then S)?

1    Yes
2    No
3    (DK)
4    (Refused)
5    (Not applicable)

A.    A discussion with a family member
B.    A discussion with a friend
C.    Information provided by a medical professional
D.    Information provided by a member of the clergy or your religious organization
E.    Information provided by an attorney
F.    Personal experience or involvement with organ and tissue donation
G.    A billboard or a poster in a clinic or public place
H.    General news media coverage
I.    Your work or school
J.    The Department of Motor Vehicles
K.    A public service advertisement on TV
L.    A public service advertisement on the radio
M.    A movie and/or TV show
N.    A community activity, such as a health fair
O.    The Internet or a Web site
P.    The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
Q.    An organ and tissue donation organization
R.    Local news (TV, radio, newspaper)
S.    OR, Some other source (If "Yes", ask:) What other source? (Open ended)

01    Other (list)
02    (DK)
03    (Refused)
04    No/No other so
05    HOLD

3. Which sources of information would be most likely to influence how you think or act about organ and tissue donation and transplantation? (Open ended and code) (Allow three responses)

01    Other (list)
02    (DK)
03    (Refused)
04    HOLD
05    HOLD

06    Family member
07    Friend
08    Medical professional
09    Clergy or religious organization
10    Attorney
11    Personal experience or involvement with organ and tissue donation
12    Billboard or poster
13    General news media coverage
14    Work or school
15    Department of Motor Vehicles
16    Public service advertisement on TV
17    Public service advertisement on the radio
18    Movie or TV show
19    Community activity
20    Internet or a Web site
21    U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
22    Organ and tissue donation organization
23    Local news (TV, radio, newspaper)

4. In general, do you strongly support, support, oppose, or strongly oppose the donation of organs for transplants?

4    Strongly support
3    Support
2    Oppose
1    Strongly oppose

5    (DK)
6    (Refused)

5. How likely are you to have your organs donated after your death? Would you say very likely, somewhat likely, not very likely, or not at all likely?

4    Very likely
3    Somewhat likely
2    Not very likely
1    Not at all likely
5    (DK)
6    (Refused)

(If code 1 or 2 in #5, Continue;
If code 3 or 4 in #5, Skip to #6c;
Otherwise, Skip to #9)

6a. Is there a particular reason you are not likely to have your organs donated upon your death? (If "Yes", ask:) What might that reason be? (Open ended and code)

01    Other (list)
02    (DK)
03    (Refused)
04    HOLD
05    HOLD

06    Against religion
07    Can't donate for medical reasons
08    Don't want body cut up or disfigured
09    Donation costs may be passed to my family
10    Afraid they will take organs before death
11    Don't trust the medical system, feel they will not receive the best medical treatment if they are a donor
12    Feel they are too old to donate

6b. Have you discussed with a member of your family your wish NOT to donate your organs after your death?

1    Yes
2    No
3    (DK)
4    (Refused)
5    (Not applicable/No family members)

(If code 1 in #6b, Skip to #9;
If code 5 in #6b, Skip to #12;
Otherwise, Skip to #7)

6c. (If code 3 or 4 in #5, ask:) Have you discussed your wish to be an organ donor with a member of your family?

1    Yes
2    No
3    (DK)
4    (Refused)
5    (Not applicable/No family members)

(If code 1 in #6c, Skip to #9;
If code 5 in #6c, Skip to #12;
Otherwise, Continue)

7. (If code 2, 3, or 4 in #6b or #6c, ask:) How willing are you to discuss your wishes about organ and tissue donation with your family? Would you say very willing, somewhat willing, not very willing, or not at all willing?

4    Very willing   (Skip to #9)
3    Somewhat willing   (Skip to #9)
2    Not very willing   (Continue)
1    Not at all willing   (Continue)
5    (DK)   (Skip to #9)
6    (Refused)   (Skip to #9)

8. (If code 1 or 2 in #7, ask:) Is there a particular reason why you are unwilling to discuss donation with your family? (If "Yes", ask:) What is the reason? (Open ended and code)

01    Other (list)
02    (DK/Haven't given it much thought)
03    (Refused)
04    No/No reason in particular
05    HOLD
06    Not applicable

07    Don't discuss death/makes them nervous
08    Family would not understand
09    Family believes people should be buried whole
10    They are too young
11    Not in good health
12    Personal/none of their business
13    It is their decision
14    Afraid that talking about their death, will increase the chance that they will die

9. Has any member of your family told you about his or her wish to donate or not to donate his or her organs or tissues after death?

1    Yes
2    No
3    (DK)
4    (Refused)

10. If you didn't know your family member's wishes, how likely would you be to donate his or her organs and tissues upon his or her death, if it were up to you? Would you be very likely, somewhat likely, not very likely, or not at all likely?

4    Very likely
3    Somewhat likely
2    Not very likely
1    Not at all likely
5    (DK)
6    (Refused)
7    (Not applicable)

11. If a family member HAD REQUESTED that his or her organs and tissues be donated upon death, how likely would you be to donate his or her organs and tissues if it were up to you? Would you be very likely, somewhat likely, not very likely, or not at all likely?

4    Very likely
3    Somewhat likely
2    Not very likely
1    Not at all likely
5    (DK)
6    (Refused)
7    (Not applicable)

12. Now I am going to read you a number of statements. For each one, please tell me if you strongly agree, somewhat agree, somewhat disagree, or strongly disagree. (Read and rotate A–F)

4    Strongly agree
3    Somewhat agree
2    Somewhat disagree
1    Strongly disagree
5    (DK)
6    (Refused)
7    (Not applicable)

A.    It is important for a person's body to have all of its parts when it is buried
B.    It is important for people to tell their families whether or not they would want their organs to be donated upon death
C.    Most members of your family support the idea of organ and tissue donation
D.    Most people who receive transplants gain additional years of healthy life
E.    Organ donation allows something positive to come out of a person's death
F.    A deceased person's next of kin should be able to override the deceased person's wish to donate his or her organs

13. Have you granted permission for organ and tissue donation (read and rotate A–C)?

1    Yes
2    No
3    (DK)
4    (Refused)
5    (Does not apply)

A.    On your driver's license
B.    On a signed donor card
C.    By joining an organ donor registry

(If code 1 in #13–A, Continue;
Otherwise, Skip to Note before #14b)

14a. Do you believe that marking organ donor on your license "registers" you to be an organ donor?

1    Yes
2    No
3    (DK)
4    (Refused)

(If code 1 to ANY in #13 A–C, Skip to #15;
Otherwise, Continue)

14b. Would you be willing to grant permission for organ and tissue donation on your driver's license, on a donor card, or by joining an organ donor registry?

1    Yes
2    No
3    (DK)
4    (Refused)

(If code 2, 3, or 4 in #14b, Continue;
Otherwise, Skip to #15)

14c. Why aren't you willing to grant permission for organ and tissue donation? (Open ended) (RECORD VERBATIM RESPONSE)

01    Other (list)
02    (DK)
03    (Refused)
04    No reason in particular
05    HOLD
15. Some organs such as kidneys or parts of lungs or livers can be donated while you are alive. How likely are you to donate an organ while you are living to (read and rotate A–C)? Would you say very likely, somewhat likely, not very likely, or not at all likely?

4    Very likely
3    Somewhat likely
2    Not very likely
1    Not at all likely

5    (DK)
6    (Refused)
7    (Have donated)

A.    A close friend
B.    A family member
C.    Someone you don't know

15a. Have you ever donated blood?

1    Yes — (Continue)
2    No (Skip to #16)
3    (DK) (Skip to #16)
4    (Refused) (Skip to #16)
    
    
    
    
    
    
    

15b. (If code 1 in #15a, ask:) How many times in the past year have you donated blood? (Open ended and code)

0    Zero or none
1    Once
2    Twice
3    Three times
4    Four times
5    Five times
6    Six times
7    Seven or more times
8    (DK)
9    (Refused)

16. Now I am going to read you several statements. For each one, please tell me whether you strongly agree, somewhat agree, somewhat disagree, or strongly disagree. (Read and rotate A–M)

4    Strongly agree
3    Somewhat agree
2    Somewhat disagree
1    Strongly disagree
5    (DK)
6    (Refused)
7    (Not applicable)

A.    All people who need an organ transplant receive a transplant
B.    Discrimination prevents minority patients from receiving the organ transplants they need
C.    You are worried that a loved one's body would be disfigured if his or her organs were donated
D.    It is possible for a brain-dead person to recover from his or her injuries
E.    People who choose to donate a family member's organs end up paying extra medical bills
F.    Organ and tissue donation helps families cope with their grief
G.    Every year, thousands of people die due to a lack of donated organs for transplantation
H.    Organ and tissue donation can often transmit diseases, such as HIV, hepatitis, or West Nile virus
I.    A person's wish to donate his or her organs should be honored under all circumstances
J.    There should be a registry of people who wish to be organ donors that can be accessed at the time of a persons death to make sure his or her wishes are known
K.    If you indicate you intend to be a donor, doctors will be less likely to try to save your life
L.    Transplants often go to undeserving people
M.    You wouldn't want to donate an organ yourself

17. Some countries presume that people wish to donate their organs at death. This is called presumed consent. Their organs may be used for transplanting unless they have signed a document indicating that they don't wish to donate their organs. Would you strongly support, support, oppose, or strongly oppose using this presumed consent approach in the United States?

4    Strongly support (Skip to #17b)
3    Support (Skip to #17b)
2    Oppose (Continue)
1    Strongly oppose (Continue)
5    (DK) (Skip to #17b)
6    (Refused) (Skip to #17b)

17a. (If code 1 or 2 in #17, ask) Is there a particular reason why you oppose presumed consent? (Open ended and code)

01    Other (list)
02    (DK/Haven't given it much thought)
03    (Refused)
04    No/No reason in particular
05    HOLD
06    Feel presumed consent is unethical
07    Privacy issues
08    Violation of your rights
09    Distrust in the government
10    Religious preferences or beliefs

17b. Do you think a system of presumed consent would increase or decrease the number of available organs for transplants?

3    Increase
2    (Stay the same/neither)
1    Decrease
4    (DK)
5    (Refused)

17c. If a system of presumed consent were adopted in the United States, would you sign up as a non-donor?

1    Yes
2    No
3    (DK)
4    (Refused)

18. It has been suggested that more organs would be donated if families who donate the organs of a deceased loved one received some type of payment, such as assistance in paying funeral expenses, a cash award to the donor's estate, or a cash award to a charity of the family's choice. Would payments like these make you more likely or less likely to donate (read and rotate A–B) organs, or would it have no effect?

3    More likely to donate
2    Would have no effect
1    Less likely to donate
4    (DK)
5    (Refused)
6    (Not applicable)

A.    Your own
B.    A family members

(If code 3 in #18–A or #18–B, Continue;
Otherwise, Skip to Note before #20)

19. Is there a particular reason a payment would make you more likely to donate your organs or a family member's organs? (If Yes, ask:) What reason? (Open ended)

01    Other (list)
02    (DK)
03    (Refused)
04    No/No reason in particular
05    HOLD

(If code 1 in #18-A or #18-B, Continue;
Otherwise, Skip to #21)

20. Is there a particular reason a payment would make you less likely to donate your organs or a family member's organs? (If Yes, ask:) What reason? (Open ended)

01    Other (list)
02    (DK)
03    (Refused)
04    No/No reason in particular
05    HOLD

21. The medical and surgical expenses of individuals who donate an organ while living are currently fully paid by another source. Some people believe that these living donors should also receive other compensation. Now I am going to read you a few statements. For each one, please tell me whether you strongly agree, somewhat agree, somewhat disagree, or strongly disagree. (Read and rotate A–B)

4    Strongly agree
3    Somewhat agree
2    Somewhat disagree
1    Strongly disagree
5    (DK)
6    (Refused)
7    (Not applicable)

A.    Living donors should be compensated for any expenses related to their donation, such as travel, childcare, or lost wages.
B.    Living donors should not be denied health insurance or life insurance, nor should they be required to pay greater premiums because they donated an organ.

22. Now I am going to read you several statements. For each one, please tell me whether you strongly agree, somewhat agree, somewhat disagree, or strongly disagree. (Read and rotate A–G)?

4    Strongly agree
3    Somewhat agree
2    Somewhat disagree
1    Strongly disagree
5    (DK)
6    (Refused)
7    (Not applicable)
A.    Given equal need, a poor person has as good a chance as a rich person of getting an organ transplant
B.    Doctors will do everything they can to save a person's life before organ donation is even considered
C.    Organ transplantation is an experimental medical procedure
D.    Organ and tissue donation is against your religion
E.    People your age are too old to donate organs
F.    It is impossible to have a regular funeral service following organ and tissue donation
G.    People your age are too old to receive transplants

23. Have you ever been an organ or tissue donor?

1    Yes
2    No
3    (DK)
4    (Refused)

24. Have you ever received a donated organ or tissue?

1    Yes
2    No
3    (DK)
4    (Refused)

25. Has any member of your family ever been an organ or tissue donor, either while living or after death?

1    Yes
2    No
3    (DK)
4    (Refused)

26. Has any member of you family ever received a donated organ or tissue?

1    Yes
2    No
3    (DK)
4    (Refused)

DEMOGRAPHICS
D1. SEX: (Do not ask; code only)

1    Male
2    Female

D2. AGE: What is your age? (Open ended and code actual age)

00    (Refused)
99    99+

D3. EDUCATION: What is the highest level of education you have completed? (Open ended and code)

1    Less than high school graduate (0-11)
2    High school graduate (12)
3    Some college
4    Trade/Technical/Vocational training
5    College graduate
6    Post-graduate work/degree
7    (DK)
8    (Refused)

D4. NOT USED

D5. NUMBER OF PHONE LINES: How many different residential telephone lines do you have in this household? Don't count extensions of the same number, dedicated business, fax, or modem lines, or cellular phones that are not your only residential number. (Open ended and code actual number)

01-    
97    97+
98    (DK)
99    (Refused)

D6. How many adults age 18 or older live in your household? (Open ended and code actual number)

01-    
97    97+
98    (DK)
99    (Refused)

D7. Do you work in the healthcare profession?

1    Yes
2    No
3    (DK)
4    (Refused)

D9. INCOME: We want to classify people into broad income groups for statistical purposes only. Is your total annual household income, before taxes, over or under $30,000?

(If Under, ask:)    Is it over or under $20,000?
(If Under, ask:)    Is it over or under $12,000?

(If Over, ask:)    Is it over or under $50,000?
(If Over, ask:)    Is it over or under $75,000?
(If Over, ask:)    Is it over or under $100,000?

1    Under $12,000
2    $12,000 to $19,999
3    $20,000 to $29,999
4    $30,000 to $49,999
5    $50,000 to $74,999
6    $75,000 to $99,999
7    $100,000 or more
8    (DK)
9    (Refused)

 

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